RSS
维库,知识与思想的自由文库
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RSS是一種用於網上新聞頻道、網誌(weblogs)和其他Web內容的數據交換規範,起源於網景通訊公司(Netscape)的推送技術(push technology),將訂戶訂閱的內容傳送給他們的通訊協同格式(Protocol)。RSS可以是以下三個解釋的其中一個:
但其實這三個解釋都是指同一種企業聯合組織(Syndication)的技術。 目前RSS規範的主要版本有0.91、1.0和2.0。 0.91版和1.0版完全不同,風格不同,制定標準的人也不同。0.91版和2.0版一脈相承。1.0版更靠攏XML標準。現時世界多數知名新聞社網站都提供RSS訂閱支持。
[编辑] 為什麼使用RSS?RSS讓網站能夠製造內容摘要,並讓用戶以不同的方式瀏覽這些摘要。 如果沒有RSS,用戶可能需要每天去登入某個網站(如雅虎、MSN)去瀏覽已更新的新聞,這可能是一件非常浪費時間的事情。目前已經有很多網站向用戶提供了免費的RSS饋送(RSS feed)。那麼,用戶就不必每天登入到該網站檢查更新的新聞,他們只需要一款RSS閱讀器(有客户端软件或者在线工具),將他感興趣的網站提供的新聞RSS饋送添加到這個閱讀器,在本地電腦上運行閱讀器或者登陆到网络(目前还有基于手机的移动版本)就可以查看到新聞的更新內容。 [编辑] 範例下列的例子是一個 RSS 1.0 的檔案內容。
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/">
<channel rdf:about="http://www.xml.com/xml/news.rss">
<title>XML.com</title>
<link>http://xml.com/pub</link>
<description>
XML.com features a rich mix of information and services
for the XML community.
</description>
<image rdf:resource="http://xml.com/universal/images/xml_tiny.gif" />
<items>
<rdf:Seq>
<rdf:li resource="http://xml.com/pub/2000/08/09/xslt/xslt.html" />
<rdf:li resource="http://xml.com/pub/2000/08/09/rdfdb/index.html" />
</rdf:Seq>
</items>
<textinput rdf:resource="http://search.xml.com" />
</channel>
<image rdf:about="http://xml.com/universal/images/xml_tiny.gif">
<title>XML.com</title>
<link>http://www.xml.com</link>
<url>http://xml.com/universal/images/xml_tiny.gif</url>
</image>
<item rdf:about="http://xml.com/pub/2000/08/09/xslt/xslt.html">
<title>Processing Inclusions with XSLT</title>
<link>http://xml.com/pub/2000/08/09/xslt/xslt.html</link>
<description>
Processing document inclusions with general XML tools can be
problematic. This article proposes a way of preserving inclusion
information through SAX-based processing.
</description>
</item>
<item rdf:about="http://xml.com/pub/2000/08/09/rdfdb/index.html">
<title>Putting RDF to Work</title>
<link>http://xml.com/pub/2000/08/09/rdfdb/index.html</link>
<description>
Tool and API support for the Resource Description Framework
is slowly coming of age. Edd Dumbill takes a look at RDFDB,
one of the most exciting new RDF toolkits.
</description>
</item>
<textinput rdf:about="http://search.xml.com">
<title>Search XML.com</title>
<description>Search XML.com's XML collection</description>
<name>s</name>
<link>http://search.xml.com</link>
</textinput>
</rdf:RDF>
下列的例子是一個 RSS 2.0 的檔案內容。
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rss version="2.0">
<channel>
<title>Liftoff News</title>
<link>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/</link>
<description>Liftoff to Space Exploration.</description>
<language>en-us</language>
<pubDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2003 04:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
<lastBuildDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2003 09:41:01 GMT</lastBuildDate>
<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
<generator>Weblog Editor 2.0</generator>
<managingEditor>editor@example.com</managingEditor>
<webMaster>webmaster@example.com</webMaster>
<item>
<title>Star City</title>
<link>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/news/2003/news-starcity.asp</link>
<description>How do Americans get ready to work with Russians aboard the
International Space Station? They take a crash course in culture, language
and protocol at Russia's Star City.</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 03 Jun 2003 09:39:21 GMT</pubDate>
<guid>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/2003/06/03.html#item573</guid>
</item>
<item>
<title>Space Exploration</title>
<link>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/</link>
<description>Sky watchers in Europe, Asia, and parts of Alaska and Canada
will experience a partial eclipse of the Sun on Saturday, May 31st.</description>
<pubDate>Fri, 30 May 2003 11:06:42 GMT</pubDate>
<guid>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/2003/05/30.html#item572</guid>
</item>
<item>
<title>The Engine That Does More</title>
<link>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/news/2003/news-VASIMR.asp</link>
<description>Before man travels to Mars, NASA hopes to design new engines
that will let us fly through the Solar System more quickly. The proposed
VASIMR engine would do that.</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 27 May 2003 08:37:32 GMT</pubDate>
<guid>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/2003/05/27.html#item571</guid>
</item>
<item>
<title>Astronauts' Dirty Laundry</title>
<link>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/news/2003/news-laundry.asp</link>
<description>Compared to earlier spacecraft, the International Space
Station has many luxuries, but laundry facilities are not one of them.
Instead, astronauts have other options.</description>
<pubDate>Tue, 20 May 2003 08:56:02 GMT</pubDate>
<guid>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/2003/05/20.html#item570</guid>
</item>
</channel>
</rss>
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